Word: shatt-al-arab
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...paradox evident here points to the central problematic of Pan-Arabism: its conditional nature. One can only remain an Arab until one deviates from a vision of the "Arab nation" extending from the Atlantic to the Shatt-al-Arab. At the very least, this dynamic fails to acknowledge cultural differences among Arabs and, at the very worst, it admits of no dissent from dominant political dogmas...
...According to Iraq, Iranian forces launched a Christmas Eve assault aimed at capturing the southern Iraqi city of Basra but were repulsed by Iraqi troops after suffering huge losses. The Iranians, on the other hand, claimed they had merely been trying to capture four Iraqi islands in the Shatt-al-Arab waterway and had inflicted heavy casualties...
...miles, from the Shatt-al-Arab in Iraq to the Musandam peninsula in Oman, a shallow, aquamarine trough of water glistens under the brutal sun-the Persian, or Arabian Gulf, depending on the side of the water on which one stands. On either shore, the Arabian and Iranian plateaus form some of the most uninviting landscape anywhere: endless vistas of desert and rock, so desolate that in one stretch in Saudi Arabia it is known as Rub'al Khali-the Empty Quarter...
Iranian Foreign Minister Ghollam Abbas Aram used the flare-up to resurrect another longstanding dispute between the two countries over the Shatt-al-Arab River, whose waters, which empty into the Persian Gulf, they are supposed to share. Aram accused Iraq of obstructing Iranian traffic, ignoring a 1937 agreement that was meant to regulate use of the river waters. Announced Aram: "The Iranian government regards the agreement as breached." With that, Iran ordered a mobilization of its forces along the border, alerted its elite Kermanshah Division, scrambled its U.S.-built supersonic F-5 jet fighters, vowing to "silence the voice...
Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlevi of Iran and his pretty bride of last December, Queen Farah, took in the sights of the Shatt-al-Arab river port of Khorramshahr from the deck of the Iranian ship Syrus. There was still no official confirmation of Farah's pregnancy (TIME, March 14), but the beribboned Shah was smiling with a secondary gleam...