Word: sheeps
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...create Dolly, the Roslin team concentrated on arresting the cell cycle--the series of choreographed steps all cells go through in the process of dividing. In Dolly's case, the cells the scientists wanted to clone came from the udder of a pregnant sheep. To stop them from dividing, researchers starved the cells of nutrients for a week. In response, the cells fell into a slumbering state that resembled deep hibernation...
Just a week after Scottish embryologists announced that they had succeeded in cloning a sheep from a single adult cell, both the genetics community and the world at large are coming to an unsettling realization: the science is the easy part. It's not that the breakthrough wasn't decades in the making. It's just that once it was complete--once you figured out how to transfer the genetic schematics from an adult cell into a living ovum and keep the fragile embryo alive throughout gestation--most of your basic biological work was finished. The social and philosophical temblors...
Only now, as the news of Dolly, the sublimely oblivious sheep, becomes part of the cultural debate, are we beginning to come to terms with those soulquakes. How will the new technology be regulated? What does the sudden ability to make genetic stencils of ourselves say about the concept of individuality? Do the ants and bees and Maoist Chinese have it right? Is a species simply an uberorganism, a collection of multicellular parts to be die-cast as needed? Or is there something about the individual that is lost when the mystical act of conceiving a person becomes standardized into...
...anything will prevent human cloning--whether of dictator, industrialist or baby daughter--from becoming a reality, it's that science may not be able to clear the ethical high bar that would allow basic research to get under way in the first place. Cutting, coring and electrically jolting a sheep embryo is a huge moral distance from doing the same to a human embryo. It took 277 trials and errors to produce Dolly the sheep, creating a cellular body count that would look like sheer carnage if the cells were human. "Human beings ought never to be used as experimental...
...cyclical critter was due to hatch again anyway, but last week's revelation that Scottish scientists had succeeded in cloning a sheep amounted to a final whack at the snooze button. Now investors are wide awake to the potential wonders of biotechnology for the first time since a euphoric rally in those stocks in 1991. If you're a doctor or scientist, go ahead and take your best shot. Biotech certainly holds great promise, and you may well understand enough to pick the few stocks that will thrive. But overall the industry has been so consistently disappointing that laymen should...