Word: shifted
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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...foremost question was the adjustment of wages. Hitherto unskilled labor has been receiving 40?. an hour at the steel mills-$4.80 for a twelve-hour day. On a three-shift instead of a two-shift system, pay would be $3.20 for eight hours. It is improbable that the steel mills could secure workers at that wage. Hence, it was considered necessary to increase hourly wages at the same time that the working day was cut. After a meeting of the directors of the Iron and Steel Institute, Judge Elbert H. Gary, its President (also Chairman of the U. S. Steel...
...abolition of the two-shift system will take place only for the workers engaged in "continuous processes" -that is, to those workers who tend furnaces operating 24 hours a day. This number is about 120,000, or 25% of the 480,000 men in the industry. The three-shift system, according to Judge Gary's calculations, will require 60,000 additional workers and add $45,000,000 a year to the pay roll of the industry, increasing the cost of steel...
...accordingly " exceedingly circumspect." The change in the attitude of Premier Baldwin is purely diplomatic and will in no way affect the British decision to isolate France in Europe as an extreme measure. To some extent a desire to revivify the Entente Cordiale is responsible for this eleventh-hour shift...
...Iron and Steel Institute. It was signed by the directors of that body, including Elbert H. Gary, Charles M. Schwab, James A. Farrell, E. G. Grace and others. The letter accepted in principle the abolition of the twelve-hour day, and promised that the change from the two-shift to the three-shift system would be brought about as soon as there was a sufficient surplus of labor...
...ruling, it lies in the wording of the prohibition laws. However much power fanatical Drys may believe our government to have over the rest of the world, the makers of the law had no swollen imaginations. They merely lacked foresight. The new ruling is at best a make-shift and it can be expected that at the next meeting of Congress the cause of the absurdity will be properly remedied...