Word: shifted
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...radiation from half a dozen nearby galaxies. If this is true, NASA scientists reasoned, distant galaxies probably give off large amounts of the same invisible radiation. But those galaxies are receding from the earth (because of the expansion of the universe) at speeds that would cause ultraviolet light to shift toward the red end of the spectrum into visible frequencies. So the NASA men assumed the visible light from distant galaxies is intrinsically brighter than previously believed; therefore those galaxies must be farther away. "We thought we were looking at a dim light bulb close to us," a NASA scientist...
...first place, NASA's critics pointed out, ultraviolet radiation accounts for no more than a tenth of thz radiation from a galaxy. Thus, even a large increase in this component would not greatly affect a galaxy's overall brightness. Besides, modern astronomers always compensate for the "red shift" of light when viewing distant galaxies and quasars...
There are other compelling objections to NASA's announcement. Most modern astronomers are confident that the technical yardstick by which they measure distant galaxies and quasars-the red shift of light from those bodies-is reasonably accurate. And by that measure, the most distant quasar so far observed by astronomers is about 8 billion light-years away. Furthermore, in the complex Einsteinian geometry of space, diameter is a naive measurement; normal concepts of shape are meaningless. Astronomers were also nettled by the way that NASA released its information. Ignoring the scientific community, the space agency has to date published...
...courses wherever they want to, living in the ghettos if they choose, learning to minister to the world principally by living in it. A larger and more structured program along similar lines is apparently working well. Last year Manhattan's onetime conservative New York Theological Seminary made a major shift in direction by choosing as its new president George W. ("Bill") Webber, 49, liberal former pastor of the experimental East Harlem Protestant Parish. Out went required courses; in came such things as a part-time bachelor-of-divinity program, which those in secular employment can finish in five years...
...triweekly column for Newsweek. Last week he left his Vermont mountaintop retreat, where he customarily spends about half his time studying and writing, for a rapid round of evangelistic appearances. He flew to Washington to meet with a Nixon commission that is studying plans for a U.S. shift to an all-volunteer Army. Later he made a speech in Manhattan, then went to Boston. Dressed in a baggy brown suit and well-worn shoes, Friedman met for lunch with 20 impeccably tailored mutual-fund advisers and entertained them with unexpected quips and sallies. Later he spent two hours answering questions...