Word: shigella
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Contagious Cuddling. The germs in question comprise the bacteria Shigella and Salmonella along with Escherichia coli, a common cause of infant diarrhea. Since these organisms reproduce slowly by cell division, microbiologists used to think that it would take a long time for drug-resistant strains to multiply and populate a hospital. Not so, indicates recent research. In addition to cell divi sion, these bacteria have a second way of passing on their "R factor" (drug resistance). When they cuddle up close to other bacteria, the R factor is transmitted by means of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which bears chemical instructions...
Transfer of drug resistance was first detected in Japan. Confirmed in Israel and Europe, it has now appeared in the U.S. At Chicago's Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center, 35% of Shigella strains have proved resistant to sulfadiazine and 21% to tetracycline; at Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston, no fewer than 65% of the E. coli and 92% of Proteus vulgaris resisted at least one important drug. Equally sobering, researchers note that antibiotics are now routinely put in livestock feed to suppress bacteria and stimulate the animals' growth. This procedure may well produce animal...
...Escherichia coli. Test tube promise was not fulfilled in intestinal infections caused by one of the commonest forms of Salmonella; after a brief clearing, the microbes reappeared. More trials in many patients will be needed to show whether Penbritin can be useful against the several forms of Salmonella and Shigella that cause much dysentery and enteric fever, and, most importantly, against Salmonella typhosa, the microbe of typhoid fever. Two encouraging characteristics were noted by the British Medical Journal: Penbritin appears to be remarkably free of unwanted side effects, and it has the advantage that it actually kills the microbes, whereas...