Word: shih
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Both encouragement and warning came from an invited guest. Dr. Hu Shih, 62-year-old ex-diplomat and philosopher, is China's most honored scholar in a civilization which accords scholars a respect akin to reverence. Hu Shih has always refused to join the Kuomintang, has often been regarded as a possible rallying point by intellectuals among the 13 million overseas Chinese who were both anti-Communist and anti-Kuomintang. Hu Shih disowned such disciples. He had come all the way from New York (where he has lived since 1949), he said, because "I feel it a moral obligation...
...Shih had lingering misgivings. He deplored the Kuomintang's insistence on one party, its rigid repression of criticism ("On the whole there is much more freedom here than on the mainland, but I would like to see still more freedom of the press and person in Taiwan"), on its authoritarian "obey the leader" doctrine. That Hu Shih could say these things when and where he did was some testimonial to Formosa's freedom, and one reason he had made his choice. The problem was to extend that freedom to less distinguished critics...
...proposal Confucius had made two centuries before. As finally formalized, the system classed aspiring civil servants into three general types: the hsiu-ts'ai, or "budding genius," who could pass the basic district examination; the chii-jen, or "promoted man," who passed provincewide tests, and the chin-shih, or "achieved scholar," the man who passed an examination at the national capital...
...Japan-Nationalist China and Russia signed in Moscow a treaty of friendship and alliance. T. V. Soong, China's Premier and leader of its delegation, and Joseph Stalin, who had affably joined the long-dickering sessions, looked on as Molotov and China's Foreign Minister Wang Shih-chieh wrote their names. For the Chinese it was pretty much of a mockery-the terms which gave Russia a stranglehold in Manchuria had already been laid out by the Big Three at Yalta without China's concurrence...
...Shih compared the Nationalist struggle to regain the mainland with France's struggle to free herself of the Nazis in World War II. But he counseled patience as well as perseverance. "The deliverance of France," he said, "took place not only through the individual efforts of loyal Frenchmen . . . but because a free France had become an integral part of global strategy . . . We know that half a million [Nationalist] soldiers are not enough to retake the mainland. Our future is linked with that of the free world, which must one of these days answer the question whether it is going...