Word: shiloh
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Since last October, nine new settlements have been established that are ostensibly within army camps. Last month a tenth settlement was started at Shiloh (see box). Begin told President Carter that the Shiloh settlement was authorized strictly as an archaeological exploration site, though the settlers themselves admitted frankly that they were in Shiloh to stay. The U.S. had hoped to avoid an open quarrel with Jerusalem on the eve of Sadat's visit, but Carter did send a stiff letter about Shiloh to Begin, who was said to be shocked and angered by its language. Privately, Administration officials are furious...
According to the Book of Joshua, the Lord was pleased when the Israelites assembled at Shiloh, 25 miles north of Jerusalem in the brown-green Samarian hills, to erect a tabernacle in his honor. Today, eight devout Orthodox Jewish families, huddled in mobile homes near the archaeological ruins of biblical Shiloh (pronounced Shelow), are certain the Lord is pleased that his people have reestablished a settlement on the site. Almost no one else is. Shiloh is the newest of four illegal settlements in the West Bank created and populated by Gush Emunim (Group of the Faithful), a nationalistic religious group...
...understandably furious. When the settlers arrived a month ago, they blocked the road with stones. Israeli troops forced them to remove the roadblocks, but the anger remains. Arab children shake their fists at cars heading toward the settlement, as TIME'S Robert Slater discovered during a visit to Shiloh last week. The settlers have no telephones and must use one in an Arab cafe a mile away; when they do, they go armed...
...Israeli government's attitude toward the settlement is ambiguous. Ignoring the undeniable fact that homesteaders are living at the site, the government insists that the pioneer families are only an "archaeological delegation." Begin has refused to authorize any settlement at Shiloh, but at the same time the families there have been encouraged to believe that if they survive and prosper on their own, they may eventually win Jerusalem's approval. The government's neither-nor position has sparked bitter debates within Begin's Likud coalition between antisettlement pragmatists and nationalistic conservatives who support the community...
...finding it harder to get commitments from Jews willing to live in these isolated, primitive communities. The group can easily turn out 10,000 people for demonstrations in support of settlements in the occupied areas. But finding 30 to 50 families who will form a nucleus for a new Shiloh is another matter...