Word: shona
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...been called Salisbury, after Robert Cecil, the 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, the British Prime Minister of the day. But as Zimbabwe, which used to be Rhodesia, marked the second anniversary of its independence from Britain, Prime Minister Robert Mugabe gave his capital a new name, Harare, after a Shona chief who ruled the region in the 19th century. Said Mugabe: "Names that are reminders of the colonial past are being changed to new names befitting the culture of the people...
...began in a beer hall next to a Zimbabwean army camp with a weekend brawl among soldiers from the country's two major tribal groups, the Shona and Ndebele. But the fighting, which expanded last week into a fierce factional and tribal war, resulted in more than 100 deaths and dramatized the serious internal conflicts that have continued to plague Prime Minister Robert Mugabe since independence ten months...
...largest city. It is also one of the main locations where the government has been trying to fuse a national army by integrating the two rival guerrilla forces that fought for independence as the Patriotic Front: the ZANLA forces that were led by Mugabe and are composed mostly of Shona tribesmen; and the ZIPRA guerrillas, mostly Ndebele, who remain loyal to Joshua Nkomo. As last week's clashes intensified, ZIPRA and ZANLA units grabbed weapons from the camp's armory and summoned other former guerrillas to come help them. The fighting quickly spread to other nearby army bases...
...real reason for reducing Nkomo's influence was that his Patriotic Front Party, with its roots in the minority Ndebele tribal region, constituted a permanent menace to the power of Mugabe's Shona-dominated Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU). Armed supporters of the two parties have clashed violently in recent months. Their continuing rivalry threatens the crucial integration of the two guerrilla armies with the former Rhodesian security forces...
...over the shabby treatment his party has received since its electoral defeat. Only three of 24 Cabinet posts and one of 20 available Senate seats were given to Nkomo men. Party rivalries are further exacerbated by the traditional tribal enmity between Nkomo's Ndebele and Mugabe's Shona supporters. Says Willie Musarurwa, Nkomo's longtime press spokesman: "What the Prime Minister must do is make our people feel that they belong. People who have played a very strong role are being left out. The most important thing is unity...