Word: siad
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...toppled an earlier Islamist government whose more extreme members had unwisely declared jihad on Somalia's bigger and more Christian neighbor to the west. But many members of the TFG seem to effectively live in Nairobi. (Exceptions include President Sheik Sharif Ahmed and his Defense Minister, Yusuf Mohamed Siad, a veteran warlord who survived an assassination attempt by suicide bomb in Mogadishu on Feb. 15.) Despite the protection of 5,300 African Union (A.U.) troops - mainly Ugandans and Burundians - the TFG in reality controls little more than a few blocks of Mogadishu. "To defeat the Shabab," says the intelligence officer...
...believed to have formed in mid-2004 as the military wing of the Islamic Court Union, a radical group that controlled much of Somalia before being ousted by the Ethiopian army in a U.S.-backed invasion in 2006. (Somalia has been without a strong central government since dictator Mohamed Siad Barre was overthrown by warlords in 1991. Conflict in the Horn of Africa nation - one of the world's most lawless - has killed more than 19,000 people in the past three years alone.) Al-Shabab's membership is estimated to number in the thousands; its fighters are identifiable...
...transitional government has only gotten weaker since it was appointed in 2004 in a bid to bring some form of effective governance to Somalia, which has essentially had no oversight since dictator Mohamed Siad Barre was ousted in 1991. In the years since, Somalia has become the site of one of the world's worst humanitarian disasters; more than a third of the country's 9.5 million people now rely on emergency food aid. Much of that aid isn't getting through because pirates operating off the Somali coast have perfected the business of seizing ships on their...
...government and extreme poverty make it an ideal breeding ground for piracy, and the Cold War's end helped make that possible. "I can remember driving down the roads in Somalia, and you'd see all these scrap heaps of MiGs and tanks" from the 1969-1991 reign of Siad Barre, the Somali dictator allied with the Soviet Union, Zinni says. "During the Cold War, one side or the other kept authoritarian regimes in power who controlled this sort of thing...
Somalia has been a failed state since its degeneration into clan warfare in the 1990s following the death of the dictator of General Mohammed Siad Barre. Today, it is ruled by a fragile coalition of warlords kept in place by the Ethiopian army, which invaded with U.S. backing to drove out an Islamist authority that had, ironically, managed to tamp down piracy, but was also harboring wanted al-Qaeda figures. And some of the warlords in the current government are accused by international observers of being the real commanders of Puntland's half-dozen main pirate groups...