Word: siberias
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...collision as he was driving to attend meetings in conjunction with the Helsinki conference in Madrid; near Guadalajara, Spain. A historian and author of the 1970 book Will the Soviet Union Survive Until 1984?, in which he predicted the downfall of the Kremlin regime, Amalrik was twice exiled to Siberia before being pressured in 1976 to emigrate to the West, where he has lived in The Netherlands, the U.S. and France. When he was sentenced in 1970 to three years in prison, he wrote the court: "To sentence ideas to criminal punishment, whether they be true or false, seems...
...Soviet energy problem is geography. The bulk of the nation's population-and most of its industry-is in the western half of the country. The major oil reserves, as well as the sites most likely to yield new supplies, lie thousands of miles away, in Siberia. Getting the oil from where it is to where it is needed requires more railroads and pipelines than the U.S.S.R. possesses or will be able to build in the near future...
...with progress in the petroleum industry, a situation exacerbated by Western trade restrictions, like those imposed by the U.S. after the Afghanistan invasion. Vladimir Dolgikh, the Communist Party secretary for heavy industry, admitted last January that the only way to realize ambitious plans for developing energy sources in Siberia would be "to introduce new equipment, improve technology and raise labor productivity...
Coal, which the Soviets also have in abundance, is unlikely to fill much of the gap. Soviet coal reserves total 7 trillion tons, or enough to last 350 years, but most of the coal, like the other fuels, is in Siberia, where distance and climate make exploitation difficult. The coal is primarily low-grade, high-polluting lignite, and much of it is pyrophoric, that is to say, it can ignite spontaneously upon contact with oxygen. Still, Western analysts are baffled by the U.S.S.R.'s declining coal production. In 1979 output was 3 million tons less than...
...There is no official line on art, in any useful sense of the term. But in the U.S.S.R., art must toe the ideological line. If dissident -which generally means "modernist" -artists are not persecuted as systematically as dissident writers, and fewer of them actually end up laying rails in Siberia or being shot full of drugs in KGB madhouses, this merely reflects the fact that art is not as forceful a channel for maverick ideas as literature. Nevertheless, state approval governs every aspect of the production, exhibition, sale and discussion of painting and sculpture. The essence of totalitarianism is that...