Word: silica
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...tiny silica or quartz particles which cause silicosis are about 3/25,000 of an inch in size. They irritate the lungs, cause formation of small, stony nodules, which bring about shortness of breath, a dry cough, pain in the chest. Silicosis alone is not serious, painful or disabling. Essentially it is just a case of dirty lungs. But silicotics are extraordinarily susceptible to tuberculosis, frequently die from it. Dust from "chat" piles, according to the Kansas State Board of Health, is a potential menace to all Tri-State inhabitants. Only ways to prevent silicosis in the mines...
Last week at the annual Pittsburgh meeting of the Air Hygiene Foundation, the beaming Clarks exhibited two of their brood of 85 windowed rabbits. In one rabbit's ear were tiny black specks of silica dust, which had been dropped into the raw tissue last June. Purpose of the experiment is to discover whether irritation of silica grains alone produces silicosis (dread "stony" lung disease often acquired by miners of silica) or whether complicating factors, such as mild tuberculosis, are necessary to bring on the disease...
...thermal cracking refiners had squeezed every drop of gasoline they could from the crude. Up went the heat to 900°. Pressure was applied. And as still men and panel men anxiously watched the gauges, the vaporized residuum was forced through the macaroni-shaped catalyst of silica and alumina. When 11-4 had done its work, yield sheets showed that the waste oil had given 7,200 barrels of gasoline. Furthermore, the gasoline had an octane (antiknock) rating of 81, compared with the octane-60 which average crudes yield under present processes...
...pants, Poet Rukeyser succeeds, in The Book of the Dead, in giving a clear flash of what makes the contemporary U. S. hard for everybody to take: At Gauley Bridge, W. Va., a hill being tunneled on a hydro-electric project turned out to be 90-even 99% pure silica, of great metallurgical value. Consequences: the silica, for greater speed, profit, was mined dry; the tunnel workers developed silicosis, died like ants in a flour bin; lawyers representing the workers charged their clients some 50% of the piddling compensations collected; a committee took the matter up before Congress. Net result...
Gaunt Philippa Allen, social worker, testified: "Dry drilling was the cause of the dense silica dust. It would stop when State mine inspectors entered the tunnel. Men acted as lookouts to warn of their presence. As a result inspectors testified that the tunnel was practically dust free. Mrs. Charlie Jones of Gamoca was the .first to find what was killing the men." Mrs. Jones, according to Miss Allen, begged money along the road to pay for x-rays of the lungs of her son Shirley who asked on his deathbed to "be opened up to see if I didn...