Word: siliconing
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...this era of shifting global power, it is impossible to visit "Byzantium 330-1453" and not ponder how empires expand and recede across centuries, leaving future generations to pick through their remains. There will come a time, no doubt, when people will stare in puzzled wonder at the silicon chip or the desktop icon. The Byzantines' efforts to hide their own fragility ultimately remind us never to forget...
After rummaging around in one of his supply cabinets, he found some wafers of silicon that were lying around from a previous project...
...graduate student put the silicon wafers and the gas in a chamber and shot them with short, intense laser pulses—the focus of Mazur’s research at the time. “The rest,” Mazur said in a recent interview, “is history...
...reaction performed by Mazur’s graduate student accidentally created black silicon, a semiconductor that is ultra-sensitive to light and may have application in devices from night-vision goggles to photovoltaic solar panels...
...graduate student who was performing the experiment, Tsing-Hua Her, noticed immediately that something was amiss when he combined the silicon with halogen gas: the silicon had turned black, but the material couldn’t have been burned, since there was no oxygen present in the chamber. Under the microscope, Her and Mazur saw, the surface of the wafers displayed a forest of tiny spikes...