Word: silting
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...much topsoil in the area but thick forest held the ground and rainwater tumbled down innumerable streams hidden in extremely steep valleys. But during and after mining, when the trees and topsoil are gone, water flows straight down the hillside, taking a good portion of the mountain with it. Silt has filled in many-of the area's streams, and the water table is deteriorating as previously reliable wells run dry. Martiki has built a large silt dam to capture the dirt in water running off the mining site, but even company engineers admit they can't trap...
...still rings true, an apt metaphor for a region blessed by God and not yet ruined by man, is the sturdy mangrove. It is found nowhere in the U.S. but Florida. With its gnarled roots stretching down into salty water that would kill most other plants, the mangrove traps silt, shelters wildlife and otherwise improves whatever it touches. Through boom and bust, hurricanes and real estate development, the mangrove has stood its ground. South Floridians surely will too. ? By James Kelly. Reported by Bernard Diederich and William McWhirter/Miami...
...capital crime among the Incas.) The winding route from the heights down into the lower slopes was designed to divert enough water to wet the terraced plots without overflowing or bursting through the stonework. Maintenance teams had to patrol the waterways year-round to keep them clear of silt and rubble. In the 16th century the Spanish came, dreaming of El Dorado, and forced farmers to harvest gold instead of maize. Irrigation systems like the one in Patallacta were let go. Soldiers and farmers moved away. The canals were all but forgotten...
...hoist it on board. They also solved a question that had long haunted Gimbel: Why had the ship gone down so swiftly? Descending through the hulk, Gimbel and Diver Ted Hess cut a hole in a duct and pushed down past three decks to the generator room, squeezing through silt and broken steel plates until, astonished, they found themselves on the sea floor. The icebreaker bow of the Stockholm, Gimbel concluded, had simply "torn the guts out of the Doria" Several days later, expedition members, suffering from colds and ear infections, voted to quit while they were ahead...
...Soviet-aided project also generated megawatts of controversy. Environmentalists charged that the dam would rob the Nile Valley of the silt that had made it fertile. They predicted increased salinity of the land, and warned of a sharp rise in water-borne diseases like schistosomiasis. They also anticipated erosion of the Nile Delta. The great dam became a symbol of Third World development gone awry...