Word: sinkiang
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Either Mao and his clique step down, or Peking will be seized. To reinforce the warning, Soviet heavy bombers destroy China's nuclear-testing-and-development centers at Lop Nor and Lanchow. Stubbornly, Mao decides to fight on. Peking falls, and to the west, Soviet divisions surge into Sinkiang, to be received without conspicuous resentment by the tribal peoples of the area, long oppressed by the Chinese. The Russians move no farther south. Aware of Chinese skills at guerrilla warfare, Moscow orders that a new frontier be set up roughly along the 38th parallel. China is to be left...
Guerrilla warfare might be instigated by one side or the other, particularly by the Russians, since the Uigurs and Kazakhs who live along China's side of the Sinkiang border have been susceptible to Soviet pressures in the past. Hit-and-run air strikes, first at minor targets, then at more vital areas, would prove less costly than ground incursions in terms of men and materiel. All-out air strikes, however, would almost certainly provoke a declaration...
...west, the border between Soviet Central Asia and the Chinese region of Sinkiang runs for much of the way along the majestic peaks of the Tien Shan range of mountains. Late last year, a Japanese tourist persuaded his Intourist guide to allow him a day close to the Soviet side of the border. He saw no troops, nor indeed any sign of unusual military activity, but he returned dazzled by the natural beauty of the area. "The Soviets called it a second Switzerland," he said later, "and it was-so lovely, peaceful and sparsely populated...
...lake of Lop Nor, home of the Chinese nuclear tests. Beginning about 1960, the Peking government set out to transform the desert into a fertile area. Hundreds of thousands of soldiers, party cadres, middle-school graduates and intellectuals thought to be in need of "reeducation" have been sent to Sinkiang to work for the cause, and their efforts have had some results. But for the most part, Sinkiang remains a wasteland, even less developed than the Soviet lands to the north...
...intrusions "on many occasions." The Chinese also charge that Soviet aircraft frequently violate their airspace. In the past three years, Moscow has built up its strength along its Asian borders to an estimated 25 divisions. They face about 50 Chinese divisions in Manchuria alone, and another seven divisions in Sinkiang. The London Sunday Express reported that Peking has ordered 5 million more troops to reinforce border divisions. There are reports that the Russians have built a complex of sites for medium-range missiles near the border, thus threatening Manchuria and the nuclear-testing grounds in Sinkiang...