Word: sitting
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Chase," a Marlon Brando film involving racial violence in an East Texas town. Everyone came into the auditorium singing ("Up with People" was on the loudspeakers) and dancing in their seats. The black students, with one or two exceptions, went up to the balcony where they usually sit together. Anyone who thinks the Brattle unique should go to Antioch to find real audience participation: for the first half hour we couldn't hear the lines for all the calls (mainly "Do it in the road...
...direct political action for the Negro's civil rights. He began to read Gandhi. Distressed by the lack of progress in integration, he and his friends decided to form a nonviolent organization that would preach civil disobedience. That was the beginning of CORE and also the beginning of the sit-ins. "The Movement really began in the early 'forties. Up until that time, all blacks participated in segregation at least passively. It was important that we should not lend ourselves to the evil we condemned...
...everyone in CORE shared Farmer's pacifist views. "Nonviolence was chosen for several reasons. Primarily we were impressed by the fact that the black community had no guns. So we saw ourselves as organizing 'war without violence' -- that's Gandhi's phrase." The first sit-ins took place in Chicago, not a friendly town for demonstrators. "In the early 'forties, public accommodations was not just a Mississippi or Alabama problem--it was a national problem. In Chicago we had to force our way into restaurants. The owners might call in hoods to take care of us, or the police would...
AFTER 1956 the focus went to the South and there came a fresh wave of sit-ins, the Freedom Rides, and a decade of brushes with lynching and murder--all this possibly the heyday of CORE, nonviolence, and James Farmer. In those simpler days, before urban riots and black power, the Northern whites were all liberals and the Southern whites were all sheriffs. "One Mississippi officer I met," he recalls, "just couldn't bring himself to call me Mister Farmer. He tried, but he just couldn't. All that he could come out with was Mmmmm Farmer, Mmmmm Farmer...
...Build up the ghettos,' they say. They don't believe us. They think we should try to escape, pretend our black skin is invisible. Now conservatives, they understand power. They know power is necessary before there can be negotiation. 'Do you have power?' they say. 'Good, then let's sit down and talk...