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Researchers at six universities across the U.S., led by Dr. Steven DeKosky at the University of Virginia School of Medicine, report that elderly people taking ginkgo supplements showed no notable differences in scores on brain-function tests from people taking placebo pills. The team, which published its results Tuesday, Dec. 29, in the Journal of the American Medical Association, tested volunteers on a range of tasks, including memory, attention, language, and visual and spatial constructions, and found that the extract from the ancient tree did little to slow the decline of these functions. (See the top 10 medical breakthroughs...
...study is the largest and, with a mean follow-up of six years, also the longest to investigate the effects of ginkgo on the brain. An earlier analysis, also led by DeKosky, reported in 2008 that ginkgo supplements do not prevent the development of dementia or Alzheimer's disease in older people. Taken together, the two evaluations strongly suggest that ginkgo does little, if anything, to improve acuity in cognitive functions such as memory, language, and visual and spatial orientation...
...were tested repeatedly using crude screening measures as well as more detailed, computerized assessments of their mental function. Over the years, researchers saw overall cognitive decline in the study participants. The average rate of change in performance on the tests, which were initially given every six months and then yearly, was similar for both the ginkgo and placebo groups. "Quite frankly, one of the things that surprised us was that for an extract that has been around for this long, there ought to be a signal of some sort, or we ought to see some effect for it to have...
...While six three-pointers kept the Engineers behind by just single digits at the half, the Crimson pulled away after the break and cruised to the 27-point victory...
...Thousands were already marching toward Revolution Square directly to the south. In the middle of the road, protesters were encouraging a crowd just as large to join the main crowd farther down. On the traffic island, six men considered cutting the wires to the traffic lights to induce further chaos. "Does anyone have any pliers?" a man asked the stationary motorists...