Word: skinner
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Skinner, Edgar Pierce Professor of Psychology, says the new series of programmed-instruction books he has developed will teach children how to write faster by giving them an "instant correction" as they learn. With present teaching methods, students must wait for a teacher's corrections to see where they have made mistakes. Skinner's invisible ink system will solve this problem by giving the student an "immediate report" on his progress, Skinner says...
...Skinner's books show the student a letter or number for him to copy. Using a special pen, the student writes the letter on the work pages of the book, where it has already been drawn with an invisible ink. If the student is following the form correctly, a grey mark shows up; if he's making a mistake, the ink turns yellow...
...accents emotional release and an awareness of the body. "We have to learn to listen to our bodies if we are ever to enrich and expand our life of feeling," he says. No far-out cultist, Murphy has attracted such top academic psychologists as Harvard's B. F. Skinner and Abraham H. Maslow of Brandeis, who is also president of the American Psychological Association...
...Madame Sarah, Skinner...
...once said: "The next-best thing to playing and winning is playing and losing. The main thing is the play." But the incentives are hard to separate. Behaviorist psychologists believe that what keeps people gambling is "intermittent reinforcement"-a regular expectation of winning. Says Harvard's B. F. Skinner: "I could arrange for a rat, pigeon or monkey to get hooked on gambling simply by providing a certain schedule of rewards or payoffs...