Word: skins
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...their own coming-out parties and cotillions. They distinguished themselves from the black masses by quitting the Baptist and Methodist churches for the Episcopal, Congregational, Presbyterian or Roman Catholic denominations. Though treated like any other blacks by the white population, they took what comfort they could in their lighter skin. Some Negro colleges even requested photos from applicants to make sure they did not admit too many dark-skinned students...
Irrational Act. Summerlin had been experimenting with ways to avoid the immune system response that causes transplanted tissues and organs to be rejected. He had received wide publicity for claiming that several animals had been successfully grafted with skin from others that were genetically dissimilar. Summerlin makes no attempt to evade the main allegation against him, and admits that he used a felt-tipped pen to darken the skins of two of the 18 mice that he showed to Institute Director Robert A. Good on March 26. But he denies that this "irrational act," which followed a festive predawn breakfast...
...destroy foreign tissue. But other scientists were unable to repeat Summerlin's experiments, and skepticism about his results grew steadily. Earlier this spring Summerlin, who had since moved to New York City's Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, was accused by colleagues of painting the skin of some laboratory mice to make it appear that he had successfully grafted tissue from one animal to another. He was suspended while a specially appointed S.K.I. committee investigated the charges. Last week, describing Summerlin's conduct as "irresponsible" and "incompatible with discharge of his responsibilities in the scientific community...
...skin transplants on mice were not the only Summerlin experiments that were repudiated. Summerlin had claimed on several occasions that he had grafted skin from one human to another unrelated one, implanted human corneas in rabbits, and transplanted adrenal and parathyroid glands from animal to animal. But after appearing before the committee for a total of eight hours, Summerlin-in addition to admitting that he had used a pen to touch up the mice-conceded that no successful corneal grafts had occurred. The committee found that the results of his gland transplants were at best equivocal...
...cast doubts on some of his other work. It discovered that a mouse Summerlin brought with him when he went to S.K.I, as an example of a successful graft was a hybrid rather than inbred species as he had claimed. Thus it was genetically compatible with the animal whose skin it had received, and the fact that the graft took was somewhat less than remarkable. The committee also raised questions about Summerlin's interpretation of some of his earliest attempts to transplant skin between humans. In three of five patients Summerlin treated, the graft has since been rejected...