Word: sloane
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...disease disappeared when the sweeps were taught to wash themselves clean of the carcinogenic soot. Lung cancer from inhaling chromate-ore dusts and nickel-refining fumes can be prevented by the wearing of masks, coupled with adequate ventilation. Even the cancer-causing tobacco-tar fractions isolated by Sloan-Kettering's Ernest L. Wynder (TIME, April 27) seem most potent when their powers are reinforced by irritation or by another chemical-perhaps from automotive or industrial exhausts...
...bird, beast and man produces some such cells at all times, but the body's defenses are usually strong enough to destroy them. That healthy people have a specific immunity against anybody else's cancer has been shown in dramatic tests by investigators from Manhattan's Sloan-Kettering Institute and Ohio State University on prisoner volunteers at Columbus' Ohio Penitentiary (TIME, Feb. 25, 1957)-Victims of advanced cancer have no immunity against their own or somebody else's cancer...
...spotless nursery where she is cared for by Nurse Althea Higgins. Drs. Stewart and Eddy have gone a vital step farther, treated their virus with rabbit serum, and made a vaccine that protects a big majority of normally susceptible animals against the polyoma virus' effects. At Sloan-Kettering Institute, Dr. Charlotte Friend has cultured a strain of mouse virus that causes leukemia in adult as well as newborn animals, and has perfected a protective vaccine. So in some animals, the circle of evidence is virtually complete: viruses are linked with leukemia and certain tumors, and immunity is offered through...
Attempts to devise a blood test for cancer (other than "blood cancers" such as leukemia) have been unrewarding, though Sloan-Kettering now has high hopes based on high levels of a substance called cytolipin H in cancer victims' blood. But even if such a test was reliable, it would not tell the cancer's location. Physicians still rely mainly on traditional diagnostic methods: physical examination, visual inspection of accessible sites with such aids as the proctoscope and bronchoscope, Pap smears and X rays...
Mice & Men. Inspired by these gains, researchers decided that no bottle on the chemists' shelves should be left unturned. Under the leadership of Director Cornelius P. Rhoads (TIME cover, June 27, 1949), Sloan-Kettering had already begun down-the-line testing, and by nowr has gone through 20,000 compounds. But 100,000 more are available, and as many more can easily be synthesized or extracted from plants, fungi and antibiotic "beers." This was a nationwide job for NCI. Along with a score of private institutes and university laboratories, the chemical and drug industries were enlisted: Brooklyn...