Word: smilingly
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...three months, I will graduate and move to New York City, a place known for the brusque, get ahead mindset of its inhabitants. I expect to feel at home there; I rarely smile at strangers on the street, don't make conversation in elevators and dislike chatty wait staff...
...University of California, San Francisco, developed a classification of 46 muscle movements that appear to account for the entire panoply of human facial expressions. The movements--or action units, as Ekman called them--range from the slight crow's-feet crinkling around the eyes that accompanies a smile to the contraction of forehead muscles that are an integral part of a scowl. "Some of these movements are so difficult that they're impossible to fake unless you're a very skilled actor," says Marian Bartlett, a post-doctoral fellow in Sejnowski...
...help catch these actors, Bartlett scanned pictures of faces into the computer and wrote instructions that taught the machine to recognize six of Ekman's coded movements: the fleeting grimace or scowl, for example, that may precede a liar's counterfeit smile. When the computer was later presented with other, unfamiliar pictures and videotapes, it showed a remarkable ability to apply what it had learned, detecting similar flickers in the new pictures and even outperforming human volunteers who competed with the machine to spot the same telltale twitches...
...more reliable and much less intrusive than existing polygraphs, which measure such reactions as heartbeat and sweating that clever subjects can control. Says Bartlett: "It would spot in an instant any facial movement that indicated a conflicting emotion, like a beginning of a scowl quickly covered up by a smile...
Monica was aptly portrayed on TIME's cover: a pretty face with a beguiling smile, which proved to be flimsy and have little of substance behind it and, above all, has come too close for comfort. ILANA KEILSON New York City...