Word: smithsonian
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Stephen Schneider of the National Center for Atmospheric Research responds that waiting for absolute certainty about global warming will produce many years of policy paralysis. Thomas Lovejoy of the Smithsonian Institution agrees, noting that societies may pay a price for doing nothing that outweighs ) the expense of prudent preparation. While the world hailed the 1987 Montreal Protocol, designed to reduce chlorofluorocarbon output, the destruction of the ozone layer continued to accelerate because of CFCs already in use. Atmospheric chemist Sherwood Rowland of the University of California at Irvine is worried that similar delays in dealing with global warming will produce...
...Alexandria participants were: Lester Brown, Worldwatch Institute; John Chafee, U.S. Senate, Rhode Island; Michael Deland, Council on Environmental Quality; Kathryn Fuller, World Wildlife Fund; Albert Gore, U.S. Senate, Tennessee; Denis Hayes, Earth Day 1990; Thomas Lovejoy, Smithsonian Institution; Michael McElroy, Harvard University; Kenneth Piddington, World Bank Environment Department; Peter Raven, Missouri Botanical Garden; F. Sherwood Rowland, University of California at Irvine; James Gustave Speth, World Resources Institute; Mostafa Tolba, United Nations Environment Program; and Alexei Yablokov, Congress of People's Deputies, U.S.S.R...
Twenty years ago, it was simple enough to define an architectural landmark. American beauties like Monticello, the Smithsonian Institution "Castle" and Grand Central Terminal came to mind. These days, however, the definitions are becoming a little trickier -- and a little tackier. Supermarkets, drive-ins, car washes, neon signs and other exuberant examples of Pop architecture, mostly from the 1950s, are being touted for preservation, and some have already been set aside as historic landmarks by local and state agencies. "Many of the things that were taken for granted in the 19th century -- factories, mills, neighborhoods -- people now want to save...
...astronomy's ignorance is rapidly being dispelled, thanks in large part to two researchers at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA). Since 1985, Margaret Geller and John Huchra have been meticulously crafting a three-dimensional map that charts the positions of thousands of galaxies. Last week, in the journal Science, they presented their latest map of one small chunk of the visible universe, and the findings are startling...
Huchra, who made the telescopic observations for the Harvard-Smithsonian team, used an instrument called a spectrograph to break down each galaxy's light into its constituent colors. Within the spectrum he could see lines representing various elements in and around the galaxy's stars. These lines appear to be shifted toward the red end of the spectrum, depending on how fast the galaxy is moving and thus how far away from earth it is. By carefully measuring the degree of red shift, Huchra and Geller calculated the relative positions of the galaxies...