Word: smog
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...bleak and grimy town. It hung suspended in the stagnant air while local businesses-steel mills, a wire factory, zinc and coke plants-continued to spew waste gases, zinc fumes, coal smoke and fly ash into the lowering darkness. The atmosphere thickened. Grime began to fall out of the smog, covering homes, sidewalks and streets with a black coating in which pedestrians and automobiles left distinct footprints and tire tracks. Within 48 hours, visibility had become so bad that residents had difficulty finding their way home...
Hospitals were soon filled with patients suffering from acute respiratory diseases; deaths in the city mounted. The British Committee on Air Pollution finally estimated that during the five days that the smog smothered London, there were 4,000 more deaths than would have occurred under nor mal circumstances. During the next two months, there were another 8,000 excess deaths-most of them apparently caused by respiratory disease-that scientists suspected were a direct result of the killer smog...
Extreme air pollution again darkened London in 1956, killing 1,000, and in 1962, claiming more than 300 lives. In 1953, a ten-day temperature inversion over New York City trapped so much air pollution that 200 excess deaths were attributed to the smog by Dr. Leonard Greenburg, then New York's commissioner of air pollution. Another New York smog in 1963 killed more than 400, and there were 80 excess deaths recorded in New York during a four-day siege over the last Thanksgiving Day weekend. Scientists suspect that thousands of deaths each year in cities all over...
...Sprawl & Smog. Washington's Daniel Evans, one of the most dynamic of the young Republican Governors, observed, in a mid-term address to the legislature, that his state now faces the explosive growth that California has experienced. He asked for more and better state and local planning as well as for a department of transportation and an environmental quality commission to make sure that the state does not suffer from sprawl and smog. Love proposed similar action for Colorado, gloomily noting that the present "evidence is that we are in the process of destroying much of our natural environment...
U.C.L.A.'s Institute of Government and Public Affairs, now five years old, is studying the feasibility of subways for freeway-clogged Los Angeles, electric cars to ease smog. It also set up an "urban observatory" two days after the Watts riots to probe the causes of the violence. The University of California's Berkeley campus counts more than 400 community projects, many of them aimed at improving the education...