Word: smoothly
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Presently, Smith is undertaking an important assignment from his White House inlaw. His job, preparatory to Kennedy's 1964 campaign for reelection, is to smooth over Democratic splits in New York, Michigan, Ohio and Pennsylvania. In those four states, with an electoral-vote total of 119, Democrats got beat in key gubernatorial contests in 1962, and they have been blaming each other ever since...
Designed by Swiss-born Aerodynamicist Werner Pfenninger, the intricate tracery promises to be the first practical answer to a problem that is as old as airplanes: how to smooth out the turbulent air that burbles along the surface of a moving wing. Every airplane wastes some of its power overcoming the drag of that churning air, but not until modern planes moved up toward jet speeds did the drag demand a remedy. Slow planes can live with their own slight turbulence; a fast ship becomes a fuel-gulping monster as it fights the furious air waves that swirl and eddy...
Perfect Maze. The solution, surprisingly, has long been obvious. But while engineers knew that the laminar (smooth) airflow they wanted could be had by sucking any turbulent air into a wing's inner cavity, putting theory into practice proved a stubborn puzzle. Dr. Pfenninger worked on his LFC (laminar flow control) wing for 23 years before perfecting its closely packed slits that are only a few thousandths of an inch wide. Under each slit, a small chamber gathers the incoming air and channels it through pin-size holes into ducts that lead to streamlined nacelles hanging under each wing...
Northrop engineers, who have run thousands of hours of wind-tunnel tests, say that once the suction is started, there is smooth, laminar flow over both top and bottom of their new wing. Up to 80% of the friction drag is eliminated-and this figure includes compensation for the drag caused by the nacelles and for the power needed to run the turbines. With drag so drastically reduced, an airplane uses much less fuel, thus can fly farther or carry more payload. The null will not have its first flight tests until next month, but Northrop is already making...
...apprentice by day, an art student at night. While roaming Europe in the early '30s, he flirted-but only flirted-with the abstractionists' world of pure forms and shapes. Back in Manhattan, he turned almost exclusively to nudes, refining his style until his surfaces were as smooth as a young woman's skin...