Word: sncc
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Last May it was possible to speculate with some degree of certainty on SNCC's new direction. Both SNCC's manpower and finances had drastically diminished. SNCC's effectiveness was less than at any time in its short history. SNCC's energies were directed simply at keeping alive the creative spirit that had kept the Movement going...
Last May, SNCC's leaders took advantage of a growing militancy born of disillusionment and nurtured by the unresolved Chaney-Goodman-Swerner murders and the desperate, crushed hopes of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. After the Selma Summer of 1965, Civil Rights lost to the growing conflict over Vietnam its undisputed priority as a national objective. But militancy itself is not a direction; it is an emotion. While a very real part of SNCC's all-black orientation, it spoke more of SNCC's organizational condition: desperate, disillusioned, and virtually bankrupt...
...past year has served only to illuminate that condition. SNCC lost most of its white money and support when it decided that the white community as a whole was its enemy -- politically, culturally, socially, and economically. In order to make up for the loss of white money and white support, SNCC launched a new appeal aimed at northern Negro college students...
...SNCC's home of Atlanta, and in Black Belt colleges, Carmichael has found a perplexing and almost insurmountable problem in recruiting 24-hour-a-day, seven-day-a-week revolutionaries from the Negro middle-class. Behind Carmichael, the leadership cult is pre-occupied with presenting an image of bitter coolness. SNCC has rejected intellectualism -- the notion that Negroes must obtain certain credentials and legitimacy from education to be meaningful to the Negro community -- as bourgeois and escapist...
...SNCC's sensitivity to the developing Negro activism on Northern campuses showed a still present line of communication between SNCC and students. Yet Carmichael's misreading of this unrest and his resultant inability to enlist 24-hour soldiers clearly reveals the distance between SNCC and the Negro on campus. The Harvard-Radcliffe Association of African and Afro-American Students typifies the new character of Negro activism. The Negro in AAAAS is proudly intellectual and even prouder of having reached Harvard. He is not "unmindful of the masses of black people he has left behind," as SNCC puts...