Word: socialistic
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Ismael traces the evolution of leftist political organization from the Arab nationalist movement of the pre-World War II era--essentially an elitist, liberalist, Western-looking intellectual discipline--to the growth of socialist doctrine in the Arab world. He is careful to dissociate Arab "socialism" and "communism" from their terminological counterparts elsewhere. Arab socialists have often advocated private ownership (albeit regulated) as necessary for economic development; Arab communists have been wary of aligning themselves with communist states, preferring instead to regard Marxist-Leninist dogma as a malleable, practical tool for national progress and liberation rather than as an ideological ultimate...
Echeverria's rhetoric and his apparent commitment to social change terrified the Mexican bourgeoisie. A group of American congressmen warned that Mexico was becoming a socialist country and that before long a new 'Red Cuba' would emerge south of the border. The general fear created by this situation caused the outflow of a considerable amount of capital, precipitating the devaluation of the peso last August from eight American cents to four. By this time nearly half of Mexico's labor force was out of work or underemployed, and inflation reached an annual rate of 25 per cent. In the three...
...portrayed as loving the theater, flowers and the new invention of photography. Pretty close. Apart from her lifelong interest in the theater, Chiang Ch'ing's hobbies-which she delighted in sharing with Witke-were horticulture and photography. She took pictures constantly, not in the socialist fashion of factories and farms, but of the subjects favored by traditional Chinese painters-flowers sparkling with morning dew or mountains silhouetted against the evening sky. It is as if she saw the camera simply as a technologically advanced way of doing the arts of bygone eras. She inscribed the backs...
...distributed black midi-length dresses to her several female aides and demanded that they wear them at dinner that night. She had her own collection of "bourgeois" films by such foreign stars as Greta Garbo and Charlie Chaplin. All this is in marked contrast to the dreary, controlled socialist culture and drab unisexual clothes that she helped to impose on China's masses. Hardly a surprise that in the current campaign against her, Chiang Ch'ing's love of luxury is a major charge against her. She did not seem to be aware of the contradiction, seeming...
...cajole or control her, she took out her frustrations on her two children by beating them compulsively. Even as adults they showed the effects of having been battered, Chiang Ch'ing said. Like their mother and because of her they failed to adjust to the demands of socialist life...