Word: socialized
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...palatable form to the more or less liberated woman of the seventies. Subtitled 150 Years of the Experts' Advice to Women, the study recounts not only what women did, but how men reacted. Specifically, Ehrenreich and English show how over two centuries the experts in the medical and social "sciences" redefined the experiences of women, and used their professional authority to shape women's lives...
Their main argument--that conceptions of illness and health are culture-bound and that these notions have reinforced limiting social roles for women--is, in general, well supported. But by arguing that the medical profession saw women as inherently ill in the 19th century or as psychologically pathological in the 20th, they seem to cavalierly attribute malicious motives to doctors, suggesting they are the vanguard of a sexist society. These doctors, Ehrenreich and English contend, seek out rebelliousness among women and squelch it by spiriting away the sick patient before she can express her protest. The doctors "betrayed the trust...
What this and all social security-integrated pension plans fail to take into consideration is the continuing high level of inflation. Dianne Bennett, former attorney advisor with the office of tax legislative counsel at the Treasury Department, suggests that this is the main argument against any type of integrated plan. She says even if social security were subtracted from 100 per cent of the pre-retirement average high wage base, inflation would still discriminate against the integrated plan recipient...
WHAT makes this more serious is that the lowest paid workers are those saddled with integrated plans. Harvard's 80 per cent social security offset is the highest currently allowable by law. In his tax reform package presented to Congress last January, President Carter asked for a limit on social security integration. Bennett, who worked on the tax proposals, says she personally believes the integration proposal did not go far enough, but adds that Congress nixed integration reform from the package anyway due to pressure from employer organizations. The AFL-CIO has consistently opposed integration. AFL unions around the country...
Harvard is one of those small union situations. And the average Harvard worker at the end of a quarter century service must struggle to survive. He or she will be expected to live on a pension of $208 a month plus $265 in social security--a total of $473 a month. The retired Harvard worker's yearly income will be less than $6000, or slightly above the national poverty level. Integration has become the cost-cutting tool that deprives the unprotected worker of the right to a secure retirement...