Word: sociologists
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...Once admitted, members are "patched," with the right to flaunt the gang's emblem on clothes or in fearsome tattoos on faces, shoulders and bodies. Sociologist Jarrod Gilbert says the latter practice grew out of a combination of jailhouse tattoos and traditional Maori moko. "They would be the only street gangs in the world to tattoo a patch onto their face," he says. Members tell of one Mongrel Mob initiate whose enthusiasm so exceeded his intelligence that he used a mirror while tattooing the gang's name across his own face-backward...
...clenched fist and like to cry "Yo, f___in' yo!" Researchers believe the gangs were formed when Maori people moved into cities, away from their village culture. "Groups of young men founded gangs as a replacement for the loss of family and purpose that traditional life provided," says sociologist Gilbert, who is writing a Ph.D. thesis on the gangs. Members are quick to agree. "I identified with the people in the gang, who were good people when I joined. I enjoyed the prestige that came with it," says Te Kotahi, 37, who has been a member of Black Power...
...Sociologist Gilbert, who has spent many hours with gang members and inside clubhouses for his research, is another who thinks gang violence is overstated. "An objective observer would see that the pattern of gang violence was at its peak in the '70s, '80s and '90s and is on the decline now," he says...
...Pedro A. Noguera, an urban sociologist and professor at New York University, is not so certain Fryer’s plan will work...
...little Betsy, the pediatrician offers instructions to pass along to his wife, the caregiver presumptive. The Census Bureau can document the 70 million mothers age 15 or older in the U.S. but has scant idea how many fathers there are. "There's no interest in fathers at all," says sociologist Vaughn Call, who directs the National Survey of Families and Households at the University of Wisconsin. "It's a nonexistent category. It's the ignored half of the family...