Word: sohyo
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...theater at its most negative. Through a misty drizzle, the gleaming forest of black umbrellas and red, blue and yellow banners moved down Tokyo's neon-lit Ginza. "Down with the Sato government!" bellowed the Zengakuren students, Socialist Party workers and Sohyo union members, as they marched past hordes of riot cops in blue plastic helmets with Plexiglas face shields. Then the drizzle gave way to a pelting downpour, and what had been billed as the boldest anti-government "demo" in five years sputtered out like a drenched fuse...
Nonetheless, the agitation served to call attention to the substantial-and growing-opposition in Japan to the Viet Nam war. The giant Sohyo labor union claims to have garnered 8,000,000 signatures already on an antiwar petition. Polls show that 75% of the Japanese public opposes the bombing of North Viet Nam. "Asian problems should be solved by Asians," wrote Editorialist Shizuo Maruyama in the Japan Quarterly. Last week a group of 30 Japanese intellectuals took a full-page ad in the New York Times protesting...
...bill sought merely to punish demonstrators who provoked violence or invaded official quarters, such as the Diet grounds and the Prime Minister's residence. But prodded by the powerful Sohyo trade union combine, the Socialist opposition soon was demanding that only rightist demonstrators be curbed. For weeks Ikeda tried to work out a compromise. Finally, Ikeda lost patience and forced the bill to a vote in the lower house. In Japan, this is described as resorting to "the tyranny of the majority." Socialist delegates resorted to their fists, forcibly took over the rostrum. The Speaker riposted by conducting...
...intention of pushing the bill through the upper house, the Socialists gave the signal for the mobs to move into the streets in strength. But this time the major newspapers, which had egged on last year's riots, were critical of the demonstrators; only the hard-core Sohyo unionists and Zengakuren students turned out. One crowd of 27,000 swarmed into Hibiya Park in downtown Tokyo to shout "Down with the Ikeda government!" Then the chanting demonstrators shuffled off toward the Diet, a few blocks away, inching their way along at ushi aruki (cow's pace) so that...
...turned hostile to too much violence, he has urged the Japanese Communist Party to strive to be "lovable." In the anti-Kishi, antiAmerican agitation, the Communists have supplied money (cost of the riots: an estimated $1,400,000), direction and organizing ability, but have cannily let the Socialists, Sohyo and the Zengakuren crackpots take the vocal lead...