Word: solarized
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Eleven-Year Cycle. The astronomers will be part of a "solar patrol" established to warn astronauts against possible danger from the sun, which by 1968 or 1969 should reach a peak in its eleven-year cycle of activity. During these years, great storms will erupt on the solar surface; there will be a dramatic increase in the number of dark sunspots and bright flares. Using both optical and radio telescopes, the patrolmen will be particularly anxious to spot the flares, for they always accompany the sun's violent expulsion of swiftly moving atomic particles...
...penetrate space suits and the thin walls of a Lunar Excursion Module (LEM). Caught on the surface of the moon, astronauts might receive a fatal dose of proton radiation before they could return to their orbiting Apollo vehicle, which will be substantial enough to withstand the most severe solar bombardment yet recorded...
...Hour Trip. Not all solar flares are accompanied by dangerous proton outbursts, and the solar patrol will have to take care not to set off a false alarm that might unnecessarily abort a costly Apollo mission. But on the basis of past observations, the patrolmen know that if a flare is large and bright enough, if it is located close enough to a sunspot and is the source of strong radio signals over a wide range of frequencies, its appearance almost always heralds a hail of high-energy protons...
Though men have observed and recorded thousands of lunar and solar eclipses since the beginning of history, no one has ever reported watching one star-other than the sun-eclipse an other. If any scientists have been awaiting such an event, says University of Pittsburgh Physicist Walter Feibelman, they need be patient for only another 22 years. In 1988, he reports in the current issue of Science, the path of star 40 Eridani-A-only 16 light-years from the solar system-should take it directly between the earth and a remote, as yet unnamed star he calls X, which...
Some Now, More Later. One clue came last week from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, which announced that it was scrapping its advanced orbiting solar observatory project. NASA may have to cut back other research work. There will probably also be curtailments in welfare-state planning by such agencies as Health, Education and Welfare and the Office of Economic Opportunity...