Word: solarized
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...light reaching it from the sun and other stars. A Harvard ultraviolet spectrometer, designed to look closely at the sun from a satellite outside the earth's atmosphere, has already been tested aboard a rocket and following further test, will join a number of other instruments aboard an orbiting solar observatory sometime this year...
...earth's own star, is mildly manic-depressive, passing from quiet to excitement on a roughly eleven-year cycle. It is quiet now and getting quieter. So on Jan. 1, 1964 scientists of 50 nations will take advantage of the solar silence to start IQSY, the International Years of the Quiet Sun,* a study of the sun and its effects on the earth. Last week the National Academy of Sciences released an ambitious program for U.S. participation...
...going, the sun will be watched around the clock by all the souped-up instruments that have been proliferating in the world's observatories. Its face will be studied for signs of unborn sunspots being gestated under the surface. Satellites and other spacecraft will measure all kinds of solar radiation, ultraviolet and X rays, that do not penetrate the earth's atmosphere. The sun's visible spectrum will be dissected for any detectable signs of differences during the quiet period. The great tongues of flame that leap from the sun's surface will be counted...
...Weather. Behind most of the experiments is the hope of developing; a technique of solar weather forecasting. Astronomers have known for many years that sunspots are storms on the sun, but until men and their instruments burst out into space, the solar storms had little significance for humans. They are vitally important now; the brilliant solar flares associated with sunspots spray the whole solar system with streams of deadly radiation. In the late 1960s, when U.S. astronauts are scheduled to start their voyages toward the moon, the sun will be getting manic once more. The astronauts' trips will...
...entangled in it, and the first Mariner was produced on schedule. It was a strange and beautiful object, worthy to be displayed like expensive jewelry against a black velvet background. Its feather-light tubular framework was brightly polished aluminum; parts made of magnesium were plated with yellow gold. Its solar panels were reddish purple, like wings of a giant butterfly, and gay little highlights sparkled all over its structure. Unseen in its golden hexagonal abdomen were electronic muscles, organs, brains and ganglia, woven together with hair-thin wire. Mariner I, designed for windless and weightless space, looked delicate, but when...