Word: solarized
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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First victims of the new radiation were three U.S. satellites, TRAAC, Ariel and Transit IV-B, that were knocked out of commission, presumably because of damage to the solar cells that supply their power. Fortunately, the communication satellite Telstar has been unharmed; its solar cells are covered by protective windows of sapphire. In the future, says NASA, all its satellites will have sapphire windows; other necessary changes have not yet been determined. Though the problem is serious, NASA's experts think the new radiation will not affect manned U.S. satellite flights...
...Geiger-Miiller tubes will measure the number and intensity of such high-energy particles as protons, electrons and the nuclei of atoms, in an effort to gather more knowledge about the hazards of manned space flights. One instrument will determine the flow and density of the charged particles (the solar wind) that are constantly streaming outward from the sun. Another will detect cosmic dust that might prove dangerous for future astronauts traveling through interstellar space...
...point for another firing, which nudged Mariner II toward outer space at an earth-escape velocity of 25,526 m.p.h.* Command to Jets. Mariner II was now under radio command from California Institute of Technology's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The first order was received and obeyed: large, flat solar panels (see diagram) sprang into position. In a series of maneuvers, Mariner's ten tiny nitrogen jets swiveled the spacecraft until its long axis pointed at the sun. So positioned, the solar panels could absorb the sun's energy, power the spacecraft's electrical system without draining...
...sunlight? Scientists have been piecing together the answer for years, sure that when they learn the last detail of the complicated process they will be closer than ever before to understanding the secret heart of nature. For life itself-in whatever form it appears on earth-steadily expends the solar energy stored during the intricate chemical reaction that scientists call photosynthesis...
...Marx, Freud, birth control and anarchy, until tiring of city high life, she moved to Taos in 1917, proclaiming "Holy! Holy! Holy! Lord God Almighty! ... I am here," married a Pueblo Indian, and settled down to write her Intimate Memories that outraged ("It makes me sick in my solar plexus," said D. H. Lawrence) her former friends...