Word: solarized
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...details of how it happened-and none of the theories have ever quite fitted together to give a satisfying solution to one of science's most baffling puzzles. Now, from Professor Hannes Alfven of Stockholm's Royal Institute of Technology, comes a promising explanation. To explain the solar system, Alfven says, other scientists have used plain old hydrodynamics (the behavior of fluids, including gases); if magnetohydrodynamics (the behavior of ionized gases in a magnetic field) is used instead, many things become clear...
...longest test to date of life-sustaining equipment for spacemen, Stapp's Aeromedical Laboratory sealed Metzger away for seven days and nights. Using only as much power as solar batteries would provide, the experiment tested water-disposal and odor-removal systerr other devices ranging from a thermoelectric refrigerator to a tiny oven built to heat toothpaste-type tubes of mashed potatoes, vegetables and turkey...
Universal Waves. Another scientist much preoccupied with the possibility of messages from civilizations outside the solar system is Harvard's Nobel Prize-winning Edward Mills Purcell, who with Harold I. Ewen was the first to detect the 21-cm. waves. If nonsolar aliens are sending messages to earth, theorizes Purcell, their first problem is to select the proper radio frequency, and their most likely choice is 21 cm., the sharpest and most universal radio waves that flash through space. Such aliens would reason that if earthlings have an electronic technology, they would know about the 21-cm. waves...
Cameras & Beacons. Tiros I is drum-shaped (diameter 42 in., height 19 in.), and is spangled on top and sides with 9,000 small solar cells that yield about 19 watts of electricity to keep its storage batteries charged. From its top and bottom jut five radio antennas and the lenses of two TV cameras. The inside is packed with micro-miniaturized electronic equipment that can seemingly perform miracles...
...spin from 136 to 12 revolutions per minute. This strikingly simple trick, like a whirling skater slowing his spin by raising his arms, made photography possible. Two beacon radios called out the satellite's position, reported its inside temperatures and the condition of the apparatus on board. Solar cells topped off the batteries. Nine small instruments observed the bearing of the sun, and another reported the position of the earth's horizon...