Word: solzhenitsyn
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Evil abounds in the world evoked by Ginzburg. The Kolyma region where she was ultimately imprisoned was the largest and most terrible of the Stalin-era concentration-camp complexes, stretching a thousand miles from the Arctic Ocean to the Sea of Okhotsk. Alexander Solzhenitsyn has called Kolyma "the pole of cold and cruelty." It was a place of massacre, where 3 million died, the men digging for gold under the permafrost, the women felling trees at temperatures of -56° F. Young men dispatched to the mines quickly succumbed to tuberculosis. Ginzburg, who acted for a time as a medical...
...notes that though many shared Ginzburg's experience, "very few can narrate it, even fewer can write about it, and it is these few who transform personal experience into testimony." Ginzburg tells us that her book was the "main object" of her life in captivity. Like Solzhenitsyn she committed names, facts and events to memory by incorporating them into long rhymed poems that she could more easily memorize...
...afternoon of June 4. The Commencement address has long been a highlight of our year-end activities. It was on this occasion that General George Marshall first announced the creation of the Marshall Plan after World War II. In the last three years, our speakers included Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Chancellor Helmut Schmidt, and Cyrus Vance...
...times. Stock in this idea rose significantly when, as Bok reminded Reagan, Marshall dropped his Plan on the steps of Mem Church (although no one noticed at the time, and it was not until months afterward that the huge relief effort for Europe was dated to June 1947). Solzhenitsyn's controversial depiction of the decline of the West in 1978 drew vast attention. Though the buildup for the speaker sometimes exceeds the impact of the speech itself, the point is to latch on to some speaker who will, for a day, reflect the status and spectacle commensurate with Harvard University...
...accustomed to an absence of freedom," writes one dissident in his memoirs and Rubenstein sets himself to disclosing Stalin's arctic gulags, what Solzhenitsyn called the "sewage disposal system." Over seven million more returned from these purgatories during Kruschev's "thaw". Many of the those prisoners went on to become cultural leaders and intellectuals, and thus, art and literature quickly became a barometer of freedom and provoked an intense and continual debate...