Word: somozaism
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Meanwhile, the Carter Administration continued its scramble to devise a political solution that would be acceptable to both Somoza and the Sandinista-sponsored Junta of the Government of National Reconstruction. Washington's major worry about the junta, which set up temporary headquarters in a bungalow in San José, Costa Rica, is that two of its five members are leftists who may want to establish a Cuban-style Marxist regime in Managua. Hoping to ensure a more broad-based, and thus more democratic, future government for Nicaragua, Washington two weeks ago sent its new ambassador, Lawrence Pezzullo, to Managua...
...Administration last week offered yet another plan, and also changed its tactics. Still hoping to balance better the five-member junta, Washington dispatched Assistant Secretary of State Viron Vaky to Venezuela, a country that would welcome the downfall of Somoza. Officials in Caracas compiled a list for Vaky of five respected Nicaraguans...
...General Julio Gutiérrez, 65, a national guard officer now serving as military attaché at his country's embassy in Japan; Dr. Emilio Alvarez Montalván, 57, a Conservative Party politician and ophthalmologist; Jaime Chamorro Cardenal, 46, an engineer, and brother of the late anti-Somoza newspaper editor Pedro Joaquin Chamorro, whose widow is already a member of the junta; Mariano Fiallos Oyanguren, 45, rector of the University of Nicaragua; and Ernesto Fernández Holmann, 38, a banker and economist. The names were intended for San José, where junta members would be asked...
...trying to forge a compromise between Somoza and the junta, State Department negotiators found themselves watched closely by the dictator's congressional supporters, in one case literally. Two weeks ago, when Ambassador Pezzullo called upon Somoza to press for his resignation, the diplomat was surprised to meet New York Democrat John M. Murphy in the bunker office. Murphy, who first befriended the Nicaraguan 40 years ago when they were classmates at a Long Island military academy, is the dictator's staunchest supporter in the House. Murphy went to Managua at his friend's request and attended...
Whatever the composition of a post-Somoza government, it will inherit a ravaged country. Nicaragua today is a wasteland plagued by food shortages and looting, and only time and hundreds of millions of dollars will revive it. The country's major industries, located primarily on an eight-mile stretch of the Pan American Highway near the capital, have been destroyed by the government bombings directed against the guerrillas who were camped there two weeks ago. More serious is the destruction of Nicaragua's crops: agriculture normally provides 80% of the country's foreign exchange. This year...