Word: sonar
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...sushi. European Union fishing subsidies haven't helped, either - they enable fishermen to buy new boat engines, the better to compete against the high-tech fleets that have set up in the Mediterranean. Many Spanish and French fishing companies have used the subsidies to overhaul their fleets, installing sonar systems and new engines and hugely increasing capacity. "Fishermen used to have old wooden boats, but now most boats in the Mediterranean are brand new," says Alain Fonteneau, a marine biologist for the French government-run Institute of Development Research in Montpellier. Other technologies have contributed; tuna-ranching companies fly spotter...
...finally clears enough to be a viable shipping route--probably in the next 50 years--a whole range of trade opportunities will come with it. So will resources, as fossil-fuel deposits in the ocean floor become more accessible. ArcticNet researchers are already mapping out the undersea terrain with sonar and analyzing the geopolitical implications of finding the long-sought Arctic Grail. Their proposals should help the government deal with an international legal dispute already under way: whether the Northwest Passage is within Canadian waters, subject to domestic security and environmental regulation, or an international strait. "Our success will...
...Hitler, it might still be, but his aggression drove scientists out of Europe, and the desperate need to defeat him galvanized the U.S. and Britain into pouring money into defense research, creating powerful new technologies--radar, sonar, the atom bomb. U.S. leaders learned that pure research like atomic and electromagnetic physics, combined with massive government funding, could lead to dramatic breakthroughs in military technology. Because the Soviet Union almost immediately became just as ominous a threat as Nazi Germany had been, Congress created the National Science Foundation in 1950 to fund basic and applied science, mostly at universities, "to promote...
TRACKING TROUT It seems like cheating, but Lowrance's M68C, $419, employs sonar mapping to point out your piscine prey. Use its GPS to find a well-known spot, or built-in maps to go hunting for new ones...
...funds without the ordinary congressional review. Current projects, according to those who have peeked behind the veil, run the gamut from Grass Blade, designed to develop an air-defense system for intercepting low-flying helicopters, to Pilot Fish, aimed at placing transmitters on the ocean floor to pick up sonar data and transmit it to antisubmarine warfare craft. Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering Donald Hicks says that black budgeting is necessary "because a government as open as ours needs some way to protect certain programs from public disclosure...