Word: soot
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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That was only the beginning of disaster: now the real tragedy began. Nitric oxides rained from the air, turning the sea to acid. Clouds of soot from incinerated forests darkened the sky, hiding the sun for months. Worldwide, the temperature dropped precipitously, killing off most of the plants and animals that had survived the initial cataclysm. Though some species would linger on for millenniums, the reign of the great reptiles was finally over...
...oily foundation cream on face, hands and arms. One of the soldiers pastes on a fake mustache; another paints a jagged scar on his cheek. To complete their disguise -- they are posing as Arab charcoalmakers today -- the men, clad in T shirts, jeans and sneakers, smudge their faces with soot...
...movie is very vertical," says Welch, who also designed Beetlejuice and Edward Scissorhands. "It goes from the penguin in the sewers to a flying rodent. So these are aggressive sets, not passive backdrops incidental to the action." The visual contrasts -- big on little, bright on brooding, snow on soot -- give the film a distinct, witty style: Dark Lite...
...bark paper to the walls and ceilings like Band-Aids, to keep plaster from crumbling and paint from flaking. Then began the painstaking work of restoration. The conservators swabbed every square inch of the tomb with distilled water, gently removing the accumulation of 3,000 years of dust and soot. In some areas, they chiseled the layers of plaster and paint from the wall, using the mulberry-bark strips as hinges, to clean the limestone walls of the cave and repair salt fractures...
Even if the rains do come, the sulfur-laden smoke and soot may make the soil too acidic for crops to grow. Considering the scale of these threats, it is surprising that organized efforts to gather information about the fires are only just getting under way. Last week a team of scientists sponsored by the Defense Nuclear Agency, the National Science Foundation and the National Geographic Society, among others, began their first flights to analyze the composition, density and persistence of the smoke. One important question: Does the smoke naturally repel water or, as El-Baz and some other scientists...