Word: soots
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...bombs have faded into a black drizzle of radioactive fallout. Yet Armageddon is not complete: for miles above the earth, sunlight is blotted out by plumes of smoke from the vast conflagrations in which the major cities of the Northern Hemisphere have been consumed. This thick veil of soot and dust slowly circulates through various layers of the atmosphere, blanketing entire continents, creating a world of frigid darkness. As ground temperatures plummet by as much as 40° F and the sun is obscured, crops in Iowa, Nebraska and the Ukraine in the Soviet Union perish...
...Defense and Energy, the NOAA, NASA and the Environmental Protection Agency are about to launch a comprehensive study. In one of the survey's likely investigations, a plane will fly above large-scale forest fires, and on-board equipment will gauge particle size and the destination of the soot. High above the earth, satellites will photograph the smoke plumes...
Because radioactive particles and soot from burning cities would collect in the atmosphere, after a nuclear strike, Sagan concluded that Earth's terrestrial surface temperature would also decrease...
...soot and radioactive particles created in nuclear war represent a major disaster to countries where the bombs are not even dropped," Sagan said...
...Turco, O.B. Toon, T.P. Ackerman, J.B. Pollack and Carl Sagan in a study entitled "Nuclear Winter Global Consequences of Multiple Nuclear Explosions" (and referred to as TTAPS after the authors names), examine a previously ignored effect of nuclear detonations: the creation of dust and soot that can float in the middle and upper atmosphere for years. Isolated detonations the only kind we have witnessed in our experience with nuclear weapons to date do not generate enough dust and soot to create any long term atmospheric changes. But any nuclear war between the superpowers is likely to involve thousands of warheads...