Word: sovietism
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...years after the event, historians are still debating General George Meade's decision not to pursue General Robert E. Lee's forces after the Union victory at Gettysburg. A half-century after World War II, scholars are still arguing over General Eisenhower's decision not to beat the Soviet armies to Berlin. And, I expect, years from now, historians will still ask if we should not have fought longer and destroyed more of the Iraqi army. Critics argue that we should have widened our war aims to include seizing Baghdad and driv ing Saddam Hussein from power. The critics include...
...theater. He was an aircraft-design engineer in 1944, when Stalin ordered Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov to start recruiting technicians rather than intellectuals and independent thinkers to staff the U.S.S.R.'s postwar diplomatic corps. From such implausible roots, Anatoly Dobrynin rose to become ambassador to the U.S. for five Soviet leaders and interlocutor for six U.S. Presidents--Kennedy to Reagan...
Eduard Shevardnadze, the political leader of Georgia, survived an attempted car bombing as he was on his way to sign a new constitution strenthening law and order in the disorderly former Soviet republic. Shown on national television with his face lacerated by glass, Shevardnadze said of his attackers, "They want to turn Georgia into a country where the mafia rules. But I won't allow it as long as I'm alive...
Kamchatka, however, must contend with the same pressures as the rest of Russia. Sinchenko admits that the government is under great pressure to replace the subsidies and remittances that ended with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Ecologists are worried that the local government will finance those expenses on the back of the environment by opening Kamchatka's rich mineral reserves to development. David Gordon of the Pacific Environment Resources Center, a California-based environmental group that has focused its efforts on threats to Siberia, notes that even now an American-Russian joint venture is preparing to mine gold...
During the Soviet era, the government used coercion, monetary inducements and subsidies to populate Siberia because of the region's strategic importance. Now that the subsidies have disappeared, people are leaving in search of jobs elsewhere. Of the Kamchatka peninsula's 450,000 people, 320,000 live in two cities. The rest of the peninsula has less than one person per 4 sq. km. But still, people are leaving. The peninsula has lost 40,000 people, nearly 10% of its population, since 1985. In Yakutia, the Arctic city of Cherski, near the mouth of the Kolyma River above the Arctic...