Word: spacecraft
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...space: Yuri Gagarin orbited the Earth before John Glenn; Alexei Leonov walked in space before Ed White. And Feoktistov, along with two compatriots, was part of the first group spaceflight, piloting the Voskhod 1 when it rocketed into orbit on Oct. 12, 1964. America's two-man Gemini spacecraft did not launch until the following March...
Feoktistov was different from other Soviet flyboys. For one thing, he was an egghead, a prominent spacecraft designer who also had the guts to fly the technology he helped develop. For another, he snubbed the Communist Party--professional suicide in the U.S.S.R. "I had many enemies who did not want me to make that flight," he famously told the Boston Globe in a 1998 interview. "Once we took off, I remember thinking, That's it. No one can get me off this spaceship...
...Supporters of the program argued that a lunar mission would provide untold technological spin-offs. Many of those same enthusiasts now say they have been vindicated. Operating a satellite at a distance ten times beyond anything they had done before has given the ISRO valuable experience in hi-tech spacecraft, rocketry and advanced remote navigation technology. At $79 million, the program's budget also comes in way under those by many competitors...
...have water locked in permafrost at its poles. Jupiter's moon Europa is probably home to a globe-girdling ocean beneath a thin rind of ice, and its Jovian sisters Callisto and Ganymede appear to be icy and wet too. Now, according to new findings by the Cassini spacecraft, one more name can be added to the list of water worlds: Enceladus, a small moon orbiting Saturn. What's more, Enceladus' water might be unusually hospitable to the emergence of life. (See the 50 highs and lows of space exploration...
Even viewed from Earth, the 310-mile-diameter moon appears bright white, almost as if covered in ice or snow; when the Voyager 1 spacecraft arrived at Saturn in 1981, it confirmed that long-distance impression. More intriguing was the way Enceladus behaved. Embedded inside Saturn's E ring - the outermost of the eight bands that make up the ring system - Enceladus seemed to orbit with a thick clump of ring matter trailing behind it, almost as if it were dragging the material in its gravitational wake. What astronomers suspected instead - and what Voyager confirmed - was that Enceladus...