Word: spacecrafts
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...part in the Paris Air Show, the U.S. went all out, displaying sophisticated aircraft and spacecraft and flying two Sikorsky jet helicopters last week from Brooklyn all the way to Le Bourget Airport-the first nonstop crossing of the North Atlantic by whirlybird (they were refueled en route). Britain and France also put their best fleet forward with striking new military and civilian aircraft and a full-scale model of their jointly developed supersonic transport, the Concorde. But it was the Russians who stole the show, simply by taking the wraps off space hardware-some of it a decade...
...greatest Soviet surprise was the launch vehicle that in 1961 sent Pioneer Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin into orbit in Vostok I. Although envious Western space experts have long assumed that a single giant booster had been used to launch Vostok and later Soviet spacecraft, the vehicle displayed at Paris consisted of a relatively small two-stage rocket surrounded by a cluster of four conical, strap-on rocket engines. Instead of achieving the major breakthrough in rocket technology believed by the West to have made the Gagarin flight possible, the Russians had simply strapped together enough smaller rocket engines to provide...
Next week, if all goes well, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration will launch Mariner 5, a $30 million spacecraft designed to shoot past Venus at a distance of only 2,000 miles and probe the mysteries of the cloud-shrouded planet during its flyby. Whatever its findings, however, Mariner will hardly be able to top the recent accomplishment of astronomers in a plane flying only 37,000 feet above the earth. Using an ingenious scheme and sophisticated equipment, they determined conclusively that Venus is a bone-dry planet devoid of water-and probably devoid of any kind of life...
Blue-Green Earth. In Washington, NASA showed the first moon movies, pieced together from still pictures shot by Surveyor during its first lunar day. One film strip showed the spacecraft's claw digging a small trench in the soil. Another, taken at sunset, followed the edge of lunar night as it swallowed Surveyor's lengthening shadow and moved on across the crater until only a few high clumps of rocklike material remained lighted against a black...
...area near the south pole that is not visible from earth. The 200-mile-long and 10-mile-wide canyon extends from the edge of a large and still unnamed crater, and was created, Masursky believes, by the impact of the same meteorite that formed the crater. The spacecraft may also have helped determine if the lunar "seas" or flat dark areas are part of the moon's original structure or were formed by the impact of gigantic meteorites. If these lunar basins were formed by the impact of meteorites, Masursky and other scientists believe, their periphery should...