Word: spaces
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...very well for Washington to sit around and talk sportily about ultimately outdoing the Soviets through longterm, highly sophisticated space programs. But while the U.S. is talking a good game, the U.S.S.R. is out playing it-for keeps...
What emerged this summer was an airy, two-floor wing on the regular building with a score of stunning innovations. The chemistry lab has diamond-shaped worktables with ample drawer space and plentiful balances. The physics lab ceiling has hooks and pulleys at 3-ft. intervals for all manner of gravity and pendulum experiments. An electronic control board supplies any kind of electricity to every lab table. This year St. Charles will begin teaching the new M.I.T. physics course. The goal is that at least 10% of the students will have had two years of college work by the time...
...space jargon would probably substitute "moon probe" for "interplanetary station" (if U.S. space jargon had any right to set the terms) and "trajectory" for "orbit," but the Russians left no doubt this time about what they hoped their bird would do. "The orbit," they said, "will ensure the passage of the station near the moon and its flight around the moon. The station will pass at 10,000 kilometers (6,200-odd miles) from the moon, and after flying around it, will continue its movement to the vicinity of the earth...
...Russian announcement, "weighs 1,553 kg. [3,423 Ibs.] without fuel and carries measuring equipment [presumably radio and guiding instruments] weighing 156.5 kg. [345 lbs.]. The station itself weighs 278.5 kg. [614 lbs.]." This description apparently means that the third-stage rocket has apparatus for turning itself in space and firing small rockets to correct its course, either by obedience to radio orders from the ground or under the instruction of its own inertial guidance system. After the course had been corrected, said the Soviet announcement, the rocket was detached from the station-most likely to keep it from interfering...
...Lunik III soared on, Soviet scientists waxed confident, began to loosen up about its objectives. Leningrad Physicist Lev Ponayeton said that data from the unseen side of the moon will help determine its shape and distribution of mass, which will be of tremendous help to manned space flights. Semi-official science reporters went farther, predicted that Lunik III would transmit actual photographs of the other side of the moon. Official scientists did not mention photographs, but it was significant that they launched their rocket at a time when most of the far side of the moon was in sunlight. Presumably...