Word: spaceship
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...minutes Soviet Cosmonaut Aleksei Arkhipovich Leonov drifted and spun through dreamlike gyrations while he followed the spaceship Voskhod II in its swift, elliptical path around the distant earth. Then, as easily and efficiently as he had emerged from his ship, Leonov climbed back inside. After 15 more orbits, he and his comrade, Colonel Pavel Ivanovich Belyayev, began the long flight home...
Autonomous or Umbilical. Much more interesting than the air lock, though, was Leonov's space suit. One Russian commentator called it "autonomous," which means that it is independent of the spaceship except for a simple tether. The pictures do show cylinders on Leonov's back that probably held oxygen, but the cable attaching him to the spaceship was thick enough to contain a good-sized oxygen tube. It may be an umbilical cord supplying oxygen from the spaceship's tanks, besides carrying wires for communication and telemetering. The tube could also carry away carbon dioxide from Leonov...
...trying to find out what will happen to men when they venture into space on long interplanetary journeys. Cardiologist Graybiel suspects that the gravity-free condition in space may be bad for the heart and the rest of the circulatory system. But is it possible to rotate a spaceship and invest it satisfactorily with something like an artificial gravity? And if so, which rotation speeds will make the men dizzy, and which will be safe...
Darts to the Left. Within a few minutes, the chamber is revved up again to 10 r.p.m., and the day's tests begin. Playing catch with a tennis ball has become a difficult task requiring great skill and adaptation to the rotation speed. Routine jobs on a spaceship would be no easier. Since the room is moving counterclockwise, the pitcher must aim the ball to the left of the catcher. The dart board presents the same problem. Early in the run, the men readily learned to counteract the spin at low speeds. Now they are being tested again...
...eight interconnected engines of the big bird's booster stage are training vehicles on which U.S. engineers are learning to handle the five much larger engines that will boost the Apollo spaceship on its voyage to the moon. Saturn's second stage teaches an even more difficult art. Its six Pratt & Whitney RL-10 engines burn liquid hydrogen, which is incredibly touchy to handle, but has an added efficiency that is considered essential for the moon project. The smooth success of last week's launch suggests that LH2 has at last become a routine fuel...