Word: spacing
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Although Russia and the U.S. recognized the role that rockets could eventually play in space exploration, both nations were more immediately concerned about arming themselves with the most devastating military weapon: the nuclear-tipped ballistic missile. Because U.S. scientists had already begun to master the art of packing enormous power into small nuclear warheads, the Redstone, Jupiter and Atlas missiles designed to carry them were only of modest size. The Russians, who were behind in nuclear technology, had only more primitive and massive warheads to use; they were forced to build enormous rockets to loft them. But the Soviet...
...Soviets took an equally big lead in manned flights. Yuri Gagarin orbited in Vostok I more than a month before Kennedy's 1961 speech, and ten months before the U.S. could place John Glenn in orbit in Mercury 6. Russian cosmonauts also compiled an enviable list of other space records: first woman in orbit, first two-man crew, first three-man crew and first space walk...
...middle '60s, however, a vitalized U.S. space program all but wiped out the Soviet lead in the moon race...
...December 1965, Borman and Lovell were pilots of Gemini 7 on man's longest space flight - a 3301-hours' orbital mission that included the history-making rendezvous with Gemini 6. Both took their long confinement in the cramped spacecraft with equanimity and quiet humor, and displayed competence and stability that helped win them their Apollo 8 assignments. Eleven months later, Lovell .and Edwin Aldrin were the crew on the 941-hour flight of Gemini 12, the last U.S. manned flight before Apollo 7. Between them, Lovell and Borman have a total of 7551 hours in space, about...
...skies for a long time. At 16, he designed and built a rocket that rose 80 ft. on a fuel mixture of gunpowder and airplane glue. And in a term paper at Annapolis, he predicted that rockets would really have their day after man finally penetrated the vacuum of space. Early in his astronaut training, Lovell bubbled over with so much nervous energy that fellow astronauts called him "Shaky"-although he has since proved that he is nerveless in space...