Word: spain
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...first time in 75 years of Western Hemisphere conferences, a Spanish delegate rose to speak. Spain's Ambassador to Brazil, Jaime Alba, told the twelve-day-old Organization of American States meeting in Rio: "We have always fraternally shared your sorrows and your hopes." Then he added: "The Spanish government has particular interest in making known to this conference its intention to make available over the next ten years credits of up to $1 billion." The announcement caused a sensation easily equaling the response to Dean Rusk's statement the week before that the U.S. would continue...
Brutal Comeuppance. The offer and its reception marked a significant turning point in the long and hitherto stormy history of Spain's relations with her former colonies. Between 1503 and 1660 Spanish galleons shipped about $1 billion worth of gold and silver bullion from the New World, while conquistadors slaughtered or enslaved thousands of Indians. Spain's comeuppance was just as brutal; in 15 short years under leaders like Simón Bolivar, José de San Martin and Bernardo O'Higgins, the American colonies threw off Spanish dominance and established their independence. Unlike Britain, Spain found...
...relations with Latin America since many exiled Republicans found refuge there. Only in the past decade have bitter memories faded. Latin Americans have once more become aware of what they share with their mother country: literature, music, food, customs, religion, sports from bullfighting to fútbol and, since Spain is only now industrializing, many of the same economic problems. Says a Spanish consulting engineer with many contracts in Latin America: "There's no doubt the Spanish businessman in South America is being looked at in an entirely new light. We've had to come up with solutions...
...Bourbon monarchy did everything diplomatically possible to reduce, partition and even scuttle the brash young nation that had dared dispute the rule of royalty. And during the peace negotiations, France cynically tried to sell the U.S. down the river for the sake of an overall settlement with Britain and Spain...
...demand for fishing rights. Shelburne, sensing an opportunity to divide his enemies, discreetly apprised the Americans of what the French had said. Franklin was ill at the time and Adams happened to be in Amsterdam, so Jay got the message and he was furious. He had also discovered that Spain, with French compliance, intended in the peace treaty to limit the U.S. to a narrow strip of territory along the Atlantic coast and to take everything west of the Appalachians for itself. It was clear, Jay concluded, that France regarded its alliance with the U.S. as a license to swindle...