Word: spain
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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Unlike his allies Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini, Francisco Franco survived World War II, retaining his dictatorial grip on Spain for another 30 years. Even when he died, he avoided the fate of his fellow despots. Hitler's body was likely incinerated outside his bunker; Mussolini's corpse swung from a gas-station awning in Milan; but Franco still lies in a grand tomb funded and carefully maintained by the country he subjugated. On Sunday, the 30th anniversary of his death, several thousand Franco supporters will make their annual journey to the Valley of the Fallen, some 50 km northwest...
...Franco's body be moved to a private plot. If the Commission hasn't announced its recommendations by mid-November, the icv pledges to present a bill on the future of the basilica directly to Congress. "We're going to dampen the festivities at least," says Bosch. Whatever happens, Spain has already begun to dismantle the remnants of Franco's legacy. Mass graves of Republican sympathizers are now being excavated by volunteer organizations like Forum for Memory; just last month a related organization, the Association for the Recovery of Historical Memory, unearthed in Cantabria the shared grave of two young...
...15th centuries, when most of Europe was struggling to emerge from the Dark Ages. As this exhibition, which runs until March, demonstrates, that's when Arab scholarship was at the height of its own Enlightenment. The show focuses on a period when the Arab empire stretched from India to Spain and caliphs, like Al-Ma'mun in Baghdad, set up centers of learning that attracted the best minds of the age. In Baghdad, around 825, Al-Khwarizmi wrote a mathematical treatise that for the first time used the word al-jabr - algebra - to describe the process of solving equations. Three...
...such as Euclid's theories of numbers and geometry, and the Indian concept of zero, as the basis for developing such new disciplines as calculus and trigonometry. Of the early math books on view, the illustrated Treatise on Geometry is significant for its author, the Muslim king of Saragossa, Spain, and its date of 1080. Similarly, Arabs absorbed the theoretical concepts of Greek medicine, adding to them the idea of scientifically monitoring patients in a special place - a hospital. One page in a Treatise on Anatomy, written in Persia in 1411, details digestive organs, veins and arteries outlined...
What's in a name? Lots. For example, Leonor, the one just given to the princess born to Felipe, the heir to Spain's throne, and his former-journalist wife, Letizia. Lay-o-nor rolls off the Spanish tongue and has a right royal ring; a león is a lion, oro is gold. But frankly, a Leonardo would have been better. Maybe not to the thrilled parents, or the hundreds of journalists on goo-goo detail outside the Madrid clinic where the princess was born. But yes, the Spanish constitution would definitely have preferred un hombre. It says...