Word: spare
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Many a surgeon dreams of the day when, like the mechanic faced with a worn-out fuel pump, he will be able to dip into a bank of human spare parts and fix up his patient with a replacement for.an ailing organ−even one so vital to life as a kidney or the heart itself. So far, apart from the difficulty of obtaining such spare organs, two obstacles have seemed insuperable: 1) the surgical difficulties of making all the necessary blood-vessel connections in time, and 2) the immune reaction which causes a recipient to manufacture antibodies that destroy...
After the heart and both lungs were transplanted. Dr. Webb reported, the "spare-part" heart soon took over and kept beating as long as 28 hours before the experiment was abandoned. But the animal could not breathe by itself, without the aid of the lung machine, because the transplanted lungs had no nerve connections. If only the left lung was transplanted, the recipient's right lung still had nerve connections to transmit the breathing reflexes. In dogs so treated, the transplanted heart beat normally, and the unmatched lungs breathed, for as long as 18 hours...
...method is ever to be tried on a human heart-disease victim, where would the spare heart come from? Perhaps, suggest the doctors, from an accident victim. By keeping heart-lung systems chilled for eight hours and getting them to work again, the surgeons have now shown that there would be more than enough time for such a surgical swap. Indeed, as optimistic Surgeon Webb sees it the one major problem remaining is the immune reaction...
...Chemist Patricia J. Edgerton report that skin grafts from one strain of mice to another normally died within nine days, but could be made to live as long as 38 days if they were retransplanted several times at four-day intervals. This suggested that an organ donated for spare-part use might be conditioned so that it would no longer stimulate the recipient's system to produce antibodies. And a team at the University of Minnesota reported on work with rats and rabbits suggesting that the recipient might be conditioned not to reject transplanted tissues from another individual...
...Griffiths, 46, moved up from executive vice president to president of Fanny Farmer Candy Shops, which claims to be the largest U.S. retail manufacturer of candy. He succeeds James Francis Burke, 54, who replaces retiring Chairman John D. Hayes, company cofounder. A family man (four children) who spends his spare time gardening, President Griffiths joined Fanny Farmer in 1936 as an assistant manager, became a vice president...