Word: spartanism
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...rate, Toynbee declared that the 21 civilizations he identified in recorded history had all followed certain patterns of growth and decay. According to what he called the law of "challenge and response," a specific challenge like the shortage of food in preclassical Greece might lead to varying responses (Spartan militarism or Athens' overseas empire), and after a "time of troubles" there would emerge a larger entity that would attempt to serve as a universal state (nurturing a universal church)-until it collapsed...
...days and then leave for home in a UFO. The faithful can come along, provided they have completed an "overcoming process"-a stripping away of all earthly possessions and desires. Converts abandon everything they own, except camping gear and cars, and hit the road. They live a spartan existence, renounce sex entirely-and wait...
Brownmiller lives alone in an "early bourgeois" Greenwich Village apartment, leads a spartan, work-centered life and has no hobbies. A native of Brooklyn, Brownmiller attended Cornell, leaving before graduation to study acting in Manhattan. She appeared in two off-Broadway plays and worked as a Newsweek researcher. Studying nights at the Jefferson School of Social Science, she took a course taught by Herbert Aptheker, the American Communist historian and specialist in Southern studies. In the historian's thunderous lectures on white exploitation of Southern blacks, including the abuse of black women, Brownmiller recalls, "I heard for the first...
...northeast, political bickering has "greatly disrupted and undermined our revolution and production," as one Chinese radio broadcast put it. On the surface the disputes center on the perennial issue of "material incentives"-that is, higher wages. In many cities, there is evidence that workers, whose salaries average a spartan $30 a month, are demanding increases...
...research, joined two scientists in the 16-ft. hydrolab operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Apart from a malfunction that sent the lab's temperature soaring to 90° at one point, the amateur aquanauts had little trouble adjusting to their watery environment, or to their spartan diet of soup, fruit, peanut butter and crackers. "Unlike the space program 15 years ago, the facilities already exist for expanded underwater research, and thus it can be done with a minimum of expense," enthused Weicker after bubbling to the surface. "Almost anyone can work down there -as my doing...