Word: spectras
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...possible to show that the two have the same habitat," said Dr. Gaposchkin, summarizing the achievement, "that both are expanding; that both are centered on very hot stars of the same kind; that both shine with similar spectra; that they are even alike in outward appearance. In fact, they are different stages of the same object--the new star is the bursting chrysalis, the nebula, the butterfly...
...Hubble is renowned for his discovery that the spectrum lines of distant nebulae are displaced toward the red end, indicating enormous speeds of recession away from Earth. The speeds of the most distant cannot be deduced in this manner, since the spectra are too faint to be analyzed. But it has been observed that speeds are closely proportional to distance, increasing about 1,000 miles per second for every 10,000,000 light-years of space. Few months ago Dr. Hubble measured the fastest nebular retreat at 24,000 miles per second. That one was 240,000,000 light-years...
...jumped 13 magnitudes to the first, acquired a name, Nova Herculis 1934. Its radiation had increased 200,000 times; it was among the twelve brightest stars in the sky. Directors Vesto Melvin Slipher of Lowell Ob servatory (Flagstaff, Ariz.) and Harlow Shapley of Harvard Observatory obtained remarkable spectra, said the star might be the most important stellar outburst ever witnessed...
...future reference in determining sky has now been mapped to show the number of stars of each magnitude in every section, and when the survey is complete 200 representative sections will be selected for use in an intensive study of spectra and color differences...
...reddening ("red-shift'') of light from distant nebulae. Effect of these observations was to make the universe, already expanding in theory, seem expanding in fact. The nebulae appeared to be hurtling away from Earth at speeds proportional to their distances, and the redshift of the farthest whose spectra could be analyzed (about 150,000,000 lightyears) indicated the thumping pace of 15,000 miles per second. Thus the galaxies at the frontiers of the observable universe must be receding twice as fast, and at the unseen bounds of the cosmos the nebular velocity must be greater than that...