Word: spinal
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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Tests indicate that every other child is liable to an attack by cerebro-spinal meningitis. Currently only 174 cases are known to exist in the U. S. Last year at this time there were only 49 cases. But four years ago an epidemic flecked the nation with children dying stiff as boards. In extreme cases the disease bent the necks of victims so tensely that the backs of their heads lay between their shoulder blades...
...Anton Weichselbaum (1845-1920) of Vienna isolated the specific germ, meningococcus, which attacks the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord and causes the disease. Dr. Simon Flexner of the Rockefeller Institute perfected a serum which attacked the meningococci. That was in 1908. Mortality, which before 1908 had been...
...past 27 years the Flexner type of serum has been standard treatment for cerebro-spinal meningitis. The doctor sticks a hollow needle into the patient's rigid spine. Out squirts a quantity of the germ-laden cerebro-spinal fluid, which has been imprisoned under pressure. When the squirt slows down the doctor injects the serum...
...routine work. Instead the atmosphere was charged with excitement and apprehension. Surrounded by colleagues who stood ready to man pulmotors and apply stimulants if something went wrong, Professor Klaus Hansen (Toxicology & Pharmacology) gulped down a scientific cocktail which cost $25 and just filled two teaspoons. Reason for the spinal shivers was not the cost of the drink but the fact that it was 98% pure "heavy water...
...vaccine to immunize the 37,000,000 U.S. children under 15. Although all kinds of monkeys may serve for the manufacture of the vaccine, the best kind is Macacus rhesus from India. To import one rhesus monkey to the U.S. costs $9. After it is infected, killed, and its spinal cord ground up with formalin, at a processing cost of $3 more, the finished vaccine is only enough to inoculate twelve children. But even if $37,000,000 were available for nation-wide immunization, the supply of rhesus monkeys in India is by no means unlimited...