Word: spinola
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...fate of all of the colonies will be determined to some extent--but by no means wholly--by the outcome of the political contest now going on in Portugal in the aftermath of the coup. The leader who has emerged most prominently is an unlikely liberal, Gen. Antonio de Spinola...
...Spinola, a war hero from the stalemate in Guinea-Bissau, did not lead the army revolt but is credited with inspiring it by his publication last February of a book, "Portugal and the Future," which said the wars Lisbon was waging couldn't be won militarily and political solution was necessary. The 64-year-old cavalryman, who wears a monocle and carries a riding crop, rose to lead a junta after the officers who had begun the rebellion called...
...served as a fascist volunteer in the Spanish Civil War and an observer with the Nazi army, Spinola has taken some surprisingly progressive actions. He abolished the hated political police, known as the PIDE, a Portuguese acronym for International Police for Defense of the State. He has ended press censorship, established freedom of assembly and association, freed political prisoners, and promised free and open elections in a year...
...Spinola seems to have something less than independence in mind for the colonies. He told a group of newspaper editors Saturday that "self-determination should not be confused with independence" and has gone on record in favor of a democratic federation of Portugal and its African possessions, with each territory on an equal status with Portugal once the African people were "prepared for self-determination." That preparation, he said, would take some time...
...NEWLY RETURNED leftists find Spinola's proposals for Africa inadequate. Although they advocate immediate cessation of fighting to be followed by full independence, the leftists are now apparently willing to move slowly in the elated atmosphere of freedom at home...